1. Colour temperature (Kelvin)
Colour temperature sets the mood. Lower numbers are warm and cosy; higher numbers are crisp and bright.
2700–3000K
Warm White — relaxing, spa-like
4000K
Natural White — balanced, everyday
5000–6500K
Cool White — bright, task & mirror
2. Brightness (lumens)
Lumens measure how much light a fitting produces. As a rough guide for bathrooms:
- Main ceiling light: ~300–400 lumens per m².
- Mirror / vanity lighting: aim for shadow-free light on the face (~400+ lumens around the mirror).
- Layer it: combine ceiling, mirror and accent lighting rather than one bright source.
3. Safety — IP ratings
Bathrooms are wet zones, so fittings need a suitable IP (Ingress Protection) rating:
- Zone 1 (above bath/shower): IP65 recommended.
- Zone 2 (near basin/bath): IP44 minimum.
- Outside zones: standard fittings are usually fine, but moisture-resistant is safest.
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